What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?

The most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants is the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This viral infection primarily affects the small airways in the lungs, called bronchioles, leading to inflammation and obstruction. RSV is highly contagious and typically spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

Infants are particularly vulnerable to RSV because their immune systems are still developing and they may have smaller airways which can be easily obstructed by inflammation. The majority of bronchiolitis cases in infants under two years of age can be attributed to RSV, making it the leading cause of this condition.

Understanding RSV's role in bronchiolitis is essential for prevention and treatment strategies, especially during peak RSV seasons when hospitalization rates for bronchial diseases can climb significantly. This highlights the importance of recognizing the symptoms early and managing care appropriately, as the implications of RSV can be severe in young infants.